1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #ifndef ANDROID_BINDER_STATUS_H
18 #define ANDROID_BINDER_STATUS_H
19 
20 #include <cstdint>
21 #include <sstream> // historical
22 #include <ostream>
23 
24 #include <binder/Parcel.h>
25 #include <utils/String8.h>
26 #include <string>
27 
28 namespace android {
29 namespace binder {
30 
31 // An object similar in function to a status_t except that it understands
32 // how exceptions are encoded in the prefix of a Parcel. Used like:
33 //
34 //     Parcel data;
35 //     Parcel reply;
36 //     status_t status;
37 //     binder::Status remote_exception;
38 //     if ((status = data.writeInterfaceToken(interface_descriptor)) != OK ||
39 //         (status = data.writeInt32(function_input)) != OK) {
40 //         // We failed to write into the memory of our local parcel?
41 //     }
42 //     if ((status = remote()->transact(transaction, data, &reply)) != OK) {
43 //        // Something has gone wrong in the binder driver or libbinder.
44 //     }
45 //     if ((status = remote_exception.readFromParcel(reply)) != OK) {
46 //         // The remote didn't correctly write the exception header to the
47 //         // reply.
48 //     }
49 //     if (!remote_exception.isOk()) {
50 //         // The transaction went through correctly, but the remote reported an
51 //         // exception during handling.
52 //     }
53 //
54 class Status final {
55 public:
56     // Keep the exception codes in sync with android/os/Parcel.java.
57     enum Exception {
58         EX_NONE = 0,
59         EX_SECURITY = -1,
60         EX_BAD_PARCELABLE = -2,
61         EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT = -3,
62         EX_NULL_POINTER = -4,
63         EX_ILLEGAL_STATE = -5,
64         EX_NETWORK_MAIN_THREAD = -6,
65         EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION = -7,
66         EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC = -8,
67         EX_PARCELABLE = -9,
68 
69         // This is special and Java specific; see Parcel.java.
70         EX_HAS_REPLY_HEADER = -128,
71         // This is special, and indicates to C++ binder proxies that the
72         // transaction has failed at a low level.
73         EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED = -129,
74     };
75 
76     // A more readable alias for the default constructor.
77     static Status ok();
78 
79     // Authors should explicitly pick whether their integer is:
80     //  - an exception code (EX_* above)
81     //  - service specific error code
82     //  - status_t
83     //
84     //  Prefer a generic exception code when possible, then a service specific
85     //  code, and finally a status_t for low level failures or legacy support.
86     //  Exception codes and service specific errors map to nicer exceptions for
87     //  Java clients.
88     static Status fromExceptionCode(int32_t exceptionCode);
89     static Status fromExceptionCode(int32_t exceptionCode,
90                                     const String8& message);
91     static Status fromExceptionCode(int32_t exceptionCode,
92                                     const char* message);
93 
94     // warning: this is still considered an error if it is constructed with a
95     // zero value error code. Please use Status::ok() instead and avoid zero
96     // error codes
97     static Status fromServiceSpecificError(int32_t serviceSpecificErrorCode);
98     static Status fromServiceSpecificError(int32_t serviceSpecificErrorCode,
99                                            const String8& message);
100     static Status fromServiceSpecificError(int32_t serviceSpecificErrorCode,
101                                            const char* message);
102 
103     static Status fromStatusT(status_t status);
104 
105     static std::string exceptionToString(status_t exceptionCode);
106 
107     Status() = default;
108     ~Status() = default;
109 
110     // Status objects are copyable and contain just simple data.
111     Status(const Status& status) = default;
112     Status(Status&& status) = default;
113     Status& operator=(const Status& status) = default;
114 
115     // Bear in mind that if the client or service is a Java endpoint, this
116     // is not the logic which will provide/interpret the data here.
117     status_t readFromParcel(const Parcel& parcel);
118     status_t writeToParcel(Parcel* parcel) const;
119 
120     // Set one of the pre-defined exception types defined above.
121     void setException(int32_t ex, const String8& message);
122     // Set a service specific exception with error code.
123     void setServiceSpecificError(int32_t errorCode, const String8& message);
124     // Setting a |status| != OK causes generated code to return |status|
125     // from Binder transactions, rather than writing an exception into the
126     // reply Parcel.  This is the least preferable way of reporting errors.
127     void setFromStatusT(status_t status);
128 
129     // Get information about an exception.
exceptionCode()130     int32_t exceptionCode() const  { return mException; }
exceptionMessage()131     const String8& exceptionMessage() const { return mMessage; }
transactionError()132     status_t transactionError() const {
133         return mException == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED ? mErrorCode : OK;
134     }
serviceSpecificErrorCode()135     int32_t serviceSpecificErrorCode() const {
136         return mException == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC ? mErrorCode : 0;
137     }
138 
isOk()139     bool isOk() const { return mException == EX_NONE; }
140 
141     // For logging.
142     String8 toString8() const;
143 
144 private:
145     Status(int32_t exceptionCode, int32_t errorCode);
146     Status(int32_t exceptionCode, int32_t errorCode, const String8& message);
147 
148     // If |mException| == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED, generated code will return
149     // |mErrorCode| as the result of the transaction rather than write an
150     // exception to the reply parcel.
151     //
152     // Otherwise, we always write |mException| to the parcel.
153     // If |mException| !=  EX_NONE, we write |mMessage| as well.
154     // If |mException| == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC we write |mErrorCode| as well.
155     int32_t mException = EX_NONE;
156     int32_t mErrorCode = 0;
157     String8 mMessage;
158 };  // class Status
159 
160 static inline std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& o, const Status& s) {
161     return o << s.toString8();
162 }
163 
164 }  // namespace binder
165 }  // namespace android
166 
167 #endif // ANDROID_BINDER_STATUS_H
168