xref: /aosp14/frameworks/base/core/java/com/android/internal/os/KernelSingleUidTimeReader.java

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.android.internal.os;

import static com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting.Visibility.PACKAGE;

import android.annotation.NonNull;
import android.util.Slog;
import android.util.SparseArray;

import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;

import dalvik.annotation.optimization.CriticalNative;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class KernelSingleUidTimeReader {
    private static final String TAG = KernelSingleUidTimeReader.class.getName();
    private static final boolean DBG = false;

    private static final String PROC_FILE_DIR = "/proc/uid/";
    private static final String PROC_FILE_NAME = "/time_in_state";
    private static final String UID_TIMES_PROC_FILE = "/proc/uid_time_in_state";

    @VisibleForTesting
    public static final int TOTAL_READ_ERROR_COUNT = 5;

    @GuardedBy("this")
    private final int mCpuFreqsCount;

    @GuardedBy("this")
    private SparseArray<long[]> mLastUidCpuTimeMs = new SparseArray<>();

    @GuardedBy("this")
    private int mReadErrorCounter;
    @GuardedBy("this")
    private boolean mSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable = true;
    @GuardedBy("this")
    private boolean mBpfTimesAvailable = true;
    // We use the freq count obtained from /proc/uid_time_in_state to decide how many longs
    // to read from each /proc/uid/<uid>/time_in_state. On the first read, verify if this is
    // correct and if not, set {@link #mSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable} to false. This flag will
    // indicate whether we checked for validity or not.
    @GuardedBy("this")
    private boolean mCpuFreqsCountVerified;

    private final Injector mInjector;

    private static final native boolean canReadBpfTimes();

    public KernelSingleUidTimeReader(int cpuFreqsCount) {
        this(cpuFreqsCount, new Injector());
    }

    public KernelSingleUidTimeReader(int cpuFreqsCount, Injector injector) {
        mInjector = injector;
        mCpuFreqsCount = cpuFreqsCount;
        if (mCpuFreqsCount == 0) {
            mSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable = false;
        }
    }

    public boolean singleUidCpuTimesAvailable() {
        return mSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable;
    }

    public long[] readDeltaMs(int uid) {
        synchronized (this) {
            if (!mSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable) {
                return null;
            }
            if (mBpfTimesAvailable) {
                final long[] cpuTimesMs = mInjector.readBpfData(uid);
                if (cpuTimesMs.length == 0) {
                    mBpfTimesAvailable = false;
                } else if (!mCpuFreqsCountVerified && cpuTimesMs.length != mCpuFreqsCount) {
                    mSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable = false;
                    return null;
                } else {
                    mCpuFreqsCountVerified = true;
                    return computeDelta(uid, cpuTimesMs);
                }
            }
            // Read total cpu times from the proc file.
            final String procFile = new StringBuilder(PROC_FILE_DIR)
                    .append(uid)
                    .append(PROC_FILE_NAME).toString();
            final long[] cpuTimesMs;
            try {
                final byte[] data = mInjector.readData(procFile);
                if (!mCpuFreqsCountVerified) {
                    verifyCpuFreqsCount(data.length, procFile);
                }
                final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(data);
                buffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
                cpuTimesMs = readCpuTimesFromByteBuffer(buffer);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (++mReadErrorCounter >= TOTAL_READ_ERROR_COUNT) {
                    mSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable = false;
                }
                if (DBG) Slog.e(TAG, "Some error occured while reading " + procFile, e);
                return null;
            }

            return computeDelta(uid, cpuTimesMs);
        }
    }

    private void verifyCpuFreqsCount(int numBytes, String procFile) {
        final int actualCount = (numBytes / Long.BYTES);
        if (mCpuFreqsCount != actualCount) {
            mSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable = false;
            throw new IllegalStateException("Freq count didn't match,"
                    + "count from " + UID_TIMES_PROC_FILE + "=" + mCpuFreqsCount + ", but"
                    + "count from " + procFile + "=" + actualCount);
        }
        mCpuFreqsCountVerified = true;
    }

    private long[] readCpuTimesFromByteBuffer(ByteBuffer buffer) {
        final long[] cpuTimesMs;
        cpuTimesMs = new long[mCpuFreqsCount];
        for (int i = 0; i < mCpuFreqsCount; ++i) {
            // Times read will be in units of 10ms
            cpuTimesMs[i] = buffer.getLong() * 10;
        }
        return cpuTimesMs;
    }

    /**
     * Compute and return cpu times delta of an uid using previously read cpu times and
     * {@param latestCpuTimesMs}.
     *
     * @return delta of cpu times if at least one of the cpu time at a freq is +ve, otherwise null.
     */
    public long[] computeDelta(int uid, @NonNull long[] latestCpuTimesMs) {
        synchronized (this) {
            if (!mSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable) {
                return null;
            }
            // Subtract the last read cpu times to get deltas.
            final long[] lastCpuTimesMs = mLastUidCpuTimeMs.get(uid);
            final long[] deltaTimesMs = getDeltaLocked(lastCpuTimesMs, latestCpuTimesMs);
            if (deltaTimesMs == null) {
                if (DBG) Slog.e(TAG, "Malformed data read for uid=" + uid
                        + "; last=" + Arrays.toString(lastCpuTimesMs)
                        + "; latest=" + Arrays.toString(latestCpuTimesMs));
                return null;
            }
            // If all elements are zero, return null to avoid unnecessary work on the caller side.
            boolean hasNonZero = false;
            for (int i = deltaTimesMs.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
                if (deltaTimesMs[i] > 0) {
                    hasNonZero = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (hasNonZero) {
                mLastUidCpuTimeMs.put(uid, latestCpuTimesMs);
                return deltaTimesMs;
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns null if the latest cpu times are not valid**, otherwise delta of
     * {@param latestCpuTimesMs} and {@param lastCpuTimesMs}.
     *
     * **latest cpu times are considered valid if all the cpu times are +ve and
     * greater than or equal to previously read cpu times.
     */
    @GuardedBy("this")
    @VisibleForTesting(visibility = PACKAGE)
    public long[] getDeltaLocked(long[] lastCpuTimesMs, @NonNull long[] latestCpuTimesMs) {
        for (int i = latestCpuTimesMs.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            if (latestCpuTimesMs[i] < 0) {
                return null;
            }
        }
        if (lastCpuTimesMs == null) {
            return latestCpuTimesMs;
        }
        final long[] deltaTimesMs = new long[latestCpuTimesMs.length];
        for (int i = latestCpuTimesMs.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            deltaTimesMs[i] = latestCpuTimesMs[i] - lastCpuTimesMs[i];
            if (deltaTimesMs[i] < 0) {
                return null;
            }
        }
        return deltaTimesMs;
    }

    public void setAllUidsCpuTimesMs(SparseArray<long[]> allUidsCpuTimesMs) {
        synchronized (this) {
            mLastUidCpuTimeMs.clear();
            for (int i = allUidsCpuTimesMs.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
                final long[] cpuTimesMs = allUidsCpuTimesMs.valueAt(i);
                if (cpuTimesMs != null) {
                    mLastUidCpuTimeMs.put(allUidsCpuTimesMs.keyAt(i), cpuTimesMs.clone());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public void removeUid(int uid) {
        synchronized (this) {
            mLastUidCpuTimeMs.delete(uid);
        }
    }

    public void removeUidsInRange(int startUid, int endUid) {
        if (endUid < startUid) {
            return;
        }
        synchronized (this) {
            mLastUidCpuTimeMs.put(startUid, null);
            mLastUidCpuTimeMs.put(endUid, null);
            final int startIdx = mLastUidCpuTimeMs.indexOfKey(startUid);
            final int endIdx = mLastUidCpuTimeMs.indexOfKey(endUid);
            mLastUidCpuTimeMs.removeAtRange(startIdx, endIdx - startIdx + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves CPU time-in-state data for the specified UID and adds the accumulated
     * delta to the supplied counter.
     */
    public void addDelta(int uid, LongArrayMultiStateCounter counter, long timestampMs) {
        mInjector.addDelta(uid, counter, timestampMs, null);
    }

    /**
     * Same as {@link #addDelta(int, LongArrayMultiStateCounter, long)}, also returning
     * the delta in the supplied array container.
     */
    public void addDelta(int uid, LongArrayMultiStateCounter counter, long timestampMs,
            LongArrayMultiStateCounter.LongArrayContainer deltaContainer) {
        mInjector.addDelta(uid, counter, timestampMs, deltaContainer);
    }

    @VisibleForTesting
    public static class Injector {
        public byte[] readData(String procFile) throws IOException {
            return Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(procFile));
        }

        public native long[] readBpfData(int uid);

        /**
         * Reads CPU time-in-state data for the specified UID and adds the delta since the
         * previous call to the current state stats in the LongArrayMultiStateCounter.
         *
         * The delta is also returned via the optional deltaOut parameter.
         */
        public boolean addDelta(int uid, LongArrayMultiStateCounter counter, long timestampMs,
                LongArrayMultiStateCounter.LongArrayContainer deltaOut) {
            return addDeltaFromBpf(uid, counter.mNativeObject, timestampMs,
                    deltaOut != null ? deltaOut.mNativeObject : 0);
        }

        @CriticalNative
        private static native boolean addDeltaFromBpf(int uid,
                long longArrayMultiStateCounterNativePointer, long timestampMs,
                long longArrayContainerNativePointer);

        /**
         * Used for testing.
         *
         * Takes mock cpu-time-in-frequency data and uses it the same way eBPF data would be used.
         */
        public boolean addDeltaForTest(int uid, LongArrayMultiStateCounter counter,
                long timestampMs, long[][] timeInFreqDataNanos,
                LongArrayMultiStateCounter.LongArrayContainer deltaOut) {
            return addDeltaForTest(uid, counter.mNativeObject, timestampMs, timeInFreqDataNanos,
                    deltaOut != null ? deltaOut.mNativeObject : 0);
        }

        private static native boolean addDeltaForTest(int uid,
                long longArrayMultiStateCounterNativePointer, long timestampMs,
                long[][] timeInFreqDataNanos, long longArrayContainerNativePointer);
    }

    @VisibleForTesting
    public SparseArray<long[]> getLastUidCpuTimeMs() {
        return mLastUidCpuTimeMs;
    }

    @VisibleForTesting
    public void setSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable(boolean singleUidCpuTimesAvailable) {
        mSingleUidCpuTimesAvailable = singleUidCpuTimesAvailable;
    }
}